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Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is reactivation of a varicella zoster virus infection (shingles) involving the eye. In the acute phase, patients present with a dermatomal forehead rash and severe pain around the infected area. Inflammation of anterior segment tissues and, less commonly, posterior...

Dear Colleagues, In this issue of eye Insights, we highlight two treatments for the management of strabismus: botulinum toxin and adjustable sutures. We include indications for their use, techniques to incorporate them into practice, and outcomes. A list of peer-reviewed journal articles is included...

Botulinum toxin (BT) for the management of strabismus was approved by the FDA in 1989 based on work by pediatric ophthalmologist Alan B. Scott, MD. BT can be the first-line treatment for certain forms of strabismus. Indications Acute comitant esotropia in children: BT can be injected to both medial...

Standard strabismus surgery involves altering the position or length of the extraocular muscles to improve ocular alignment. The muscle is reattached to the globe at a set position. The adjustable suture technique was introduced to refine the result immediately after surgery in both adults and...

In the past decade, several new IOL technologies have become available: extended depth of focus (EDOF), multifocal (MFIOL), and light adjustable lenses (LAL). EDOF IOLs offer a range of vision from distance to intermediate. MFIOLs, which are now available as trifocals, offer 3 steps of vision...

Until the approval of Luxturna®, there were no definitive treatments for any IRDs. Today, with the success of Luxturna®, preliminary results from therapies currently under investigation, and an expanding therapeutic toolkit, we have good reason for optimism. We envision a future in which gene...

Applications to Other Diseases The same types of genetic strategies currently being tested for IRDs are also being tested and beginning to receive regulatory approvals in other areas of medicine. For example, the FDA has approved both gene-augmentation therapy and antisense oligonucleotide therapy...

Emphasize the positive: Establish a therapeutic relationship with the patient where the positive aspects of the encounter are emphasized. For example, reassure patients that the eye and central nervous system are not damaged, rather than using phrases like “there is nothing wrong,” which can seem...

In this issue of eye Insights, we explore posterior uveitis and its varied etiologies. Inside, you’ll find common causes, tips for diagnosing posterior uveitis, and treatment techniques. Inside Message from Editor-in-Chief What is Posterior Uveitis Diagnosis Treatment Checkpoint Inhibitors Editor-in...