Abstract
Epilepsy has been attributed to be a most common universal brain neurological disorder afflicting more than 50 million people globally. Neural network is known to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronous which ultimately result in seizures. Bibliographic databases for peer reviewed journals were searched for key words like epilepsy, seizures, neurological disorders, gut microbiota brain axis, antiepileptic phytomedicines and diagnostic tools. Current review brings forth the putative mechanism to understand the etiological and other vital factors during epileptic seizures and further advancements in the management of the epilepsy along with the role of gut microbiota and herbal medicines in the management of epilepsy. Modern strategies adopted for epilepsy diagnosis and therapeutic treatment methods would certainly pave a way for the neuroscientists to formulate a strategy for comprehensive assessment of epilepsy patients and finding a sustainable cure for the disease through basic and translational research.